Chilblains, also known as pernio:

are a common skin condition characterized by the development of small, itchy, and painful red bumps on the extremities, such as the toes, fingers, ears, and nose. These lesions are usually caused by the body's abnormal response to cold temperatures, leading to poor circulation and inflammation in the affected areas. Chilblains typically occur in individuals with poor circulation, such as those with Raynaud's disease or those exposed to extreme cold without proper protection. Symptoms include redness, swelling, itching, and a burning sensation. While chilblains usually resolve on their own within a few weeks, they can be prevented by keeping the affected areas warm, avoiding sudden temperature changes, and wearing appropriate clothing in cold weather. In severe cases, medical treatment may be necessary to relieve symptoms and prevent complications.